><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>五、生物治疗<o:p></o:p></P>
><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>最近英国皮肤科医师协会就生物治疗在银屑病的应用给出了指导<FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT>经美国<FONT face="Times New Roman">FDA</FONT>批准应用于临床的药物有阿法西普、依法利珠单抗和依那西普。<o:p></o:p></P>
><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>(一)细胞黏附分子拮抗剂:<o:p></o:p></P>
><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1.</FONT>阿法西普(<FONT face="Times New Roman">aldscPt)</FONT>:相对分子质量为<FONT face="Times New Roman">115 000</FONT>的融合蛋白.由人<FONT face="Times New Roman">LFA-3</FONT>第一个细胞外区与<FONT face="Times New Roman">IgGt</FONT>铰合链<FONT face="Times New Roman">CH2</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">CH3</FONT>序列融合形成。阿法西普结合<FONT face="Times New Roman">T</FONT>细胞上的<FONT face="Times New Roman">CD2</FONT>分子,抑制<FONT face="Times New Roman">T</FONT>细胞协同刺激分子,可逆性地减少外周血记忆效应<FONT face="Times New Roman">(CD4'CD45R0',CD8'CD45R0')T</FONT>细胞<FONT face="Times New Roman">.<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2</FONT>依法利珠单抗<FONT face="Times New Roman">(efalimumab</FONT>):针对<FONT face="Times New Roman">T</FONT>细胞<FONT face="Times New Roman">LFA-1</FONT>的非淋巴细胞缺失、人化的单克隆抗体通过阻断<FONT face="Times New Roman">LFA-1</FONT>和细胞间黏附分子(<FONT face="Times New Roman">ICAM)-1</FONT>之间的相互作用,抑制<FONT face="Times New Roman">T</FONT>细胞激活或迁移至皮肤,降低银屑病皮损内<FONT face="Times New Roman">CD Il, W</FONT>突细胞的数目依法利珠单抗治疗能减少<FONT face="Times New Roman">LF.4-L </FONT>极迟抗原<FONT face="Times New Roman">-4(VLA4</FONT>)、<FONT face="Times New Roman">T</FONT>细胞受<o:p></o:p></P>
>体<FONT face="Times New Roman">,C D4,CDB,CD28</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">CD2,</FONT>减少<FONT face="Times New Roman">IFN-y mRNA</FONT>的表达<o:p></o:p></P>
><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3</FONT>阿贝塔西普〔<FONT face="Times New Roman">abatacept:</FONT>由细胞毒性<FONT face="Times New Roman">T</FONT>淋巴细胞相关抗原<FONT face="Times New Roman">(cm1A-4)</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">IgG Fn</FONT>片段组成的可溶性受体,封闭抗原提呈细胞上两个配基的相互作用<FONT face="Times New Roman">,CD80(B7-I</FONT>)和<FONT face="Times New Roman">CD86(B7-2</FONT>),它们的受体<FONT face="Times New Roman">CD28</FONT>位于<FONT face="Times New Roman">T</FONT>细胞上。现在已经用于治疗类风湿性关节炎,每月静脉注射<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>次<o:p></o:p></P>
><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>(二)<FONT face="Times New Roman">TNF-a</FONT>抑制剂;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> I</FONT>单克隆抗体:①英利昔单抗(<FONT face="Times New Roman">inBiximab</FONT>):嵌合型<FONT face="Times New Roman">Ig Gl</FONT>抗<FONT face="Times New Roman">TNF-a</FONT>单克隆抗体,与跨膜<FONT face="Times New Roman">TNF-n</FONT>和可溶性<FONT face="Times New Roman">TNF-a</FONT>特异性结合.其有高度亲和性和亲合力。英利昔单抗通过补体介导的细胞毒作用,和抗体依赖的、细胞介导的细胞毒作用杀伤膜表面含<FONT face="Times New Roman">TNF-a</FONT>的细胞。另外,英利昔单抗能诱导活化<FONT face="Times New Roman">T</FONT>细胞和单核细胞凋亡英利昔单抗治疗的银屑病患者,表皮<FONT face="Times New Roman">T</FONT>细胞浸润迅速显著减少.表皮厚度变薄角质形成细胞贴附分子表达降低,并向正常方向分化。②阿达木单抗<FONT face="Times New Roman">(adalimumab</FONT>):人抗<FONT face="Times New Roman">TNF-a</FONT>单抗,阻断<FONT face="Times New Roman">TNF-a</FONT>与细胞表面<FONT face="Times New Roman">TNF</FONT>受体<FONT face="Times New Roman">
55</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">
75</FONT>的相互作用。<o:p></o:p></P>| 欢迎光临 银屑病病友互助网 (https://www.yxb365.com/) | Powered by Discuz! X3.2 |